Learner as Leader Activity - Pathology
Task One - Each group will make an illustrated dictionary entry for their pathology as listed below. Task Two - Each group will also give a brief biography of a person with this pathology condition and how it affected their life. Assignments will be posted to the website for review by members of the class.
1. Tetralogy of Fallot
a. There is a ventricular septal defect
b. There is narrowing of the valve leading to the pulmonary arteries (pulmonary
stenosis)
c. There is thickening (hypertrophy) of the right ventricle
d. The aorta "overrides" the ventricular septal defect
2. Coarctation of aorta
a. A narrowing of the aorta just beyond the branching of the vessels to the head and
arms
b. Decreased blood flow to abdomen & legs
3. Coronary Artery Disease - Coronary arteries give blood supply
to the heart
a. Narrowing of the coronary arteries causes decreased oxygen to the myocardium and causes ischemic heart disease (decreased blood supply depriving tissues of oxygen)
b. Atherosclerosis - Narrowing of a lumen in the coronary arteries causes fatty material to collect on the inner wall
c. Angina pectoris – chest pain. Temporary oxygen insufficiency causes severe chest pain. May radiate to neck and left arm causing a tight feeling.
d. Myocardial infarction - Occlusion of coronary artery deprives myocardium of blood supply and leads to death of heart muscle
4. Congestive Heart Failure
a. Because of weakened heart muscle, heart is not strong enough to pump adequately
b. Heart may enlarge, inefficiency causes pulmonary congestion
5. Hypertension
a. High blood pressure, also called hypertension is elevated pressure of
the blood in the arteries. Results from two major factors, which can be present
independently or together:
b. The heart pumps blood with excessive force.
c. The body's smaller blood vessels (known as the arterioles) narrow, so that blood flow exerts more pressure against the vessels' walls.
6A . Aortic dissection - bleeding into and along the wall of the aorta because of a tear or damage to the inner wall of the artery.
6B. Aneurysm –
a. Localized dilation of artery usually involving the aorta
b. Weakness in the wall of the vessel caused by arthrosclerosis, infection, trauma or congenital defects.
c. Danger of Rupture (Chabner, 2014)
a. There is a ventricular septal defect
b. There is narrowing of the valve leading to the pulmonary arteries (pulmonary
stenosis)
c. There is thickening (hypertrophy) of the right ventricle
d. The aorta "overrides" the ventricular septal defect
2. Coarctation of aorta
a. A narrowing of the aorta just beyond the branching of the vessels to the head and
arms
b. Decreased blood flow to abdomen & legs
3. Coronary Artery Disease - Coronary arteries give blood supply
to the heart
a. Narrowing of the coronary arteries causes decreased oxygen to the myocardium and causes ischemic heart disease (decreased blood supply depriving tissues of oxygen)
b. Atherosclerosis - Narrowing of a lumen in the coronary arteries causes fatty material to collect on the inner wall
c. Angina pectoris – chest pain. Temporary oxygen insufficiency causes severe chest pain. May radiate to neck and left arm causing a tight feeling.
d. Myocardial infarction - Occlusion of coronary artery deprives myocardium of blood supply and leads to death of heart muscle
4. Congestive Heart Failure
a. Because of weakened heart muscle, heart is not strong enough to pump adequately
b. Heart may enlarge, inefficiency causes pulmonary congestion
5. Hypertension
a. High blood pressure, also called hypertension is elevated pressure of
the blood in the arteries. Results from two major factors, which can be present
independently or together:
b. The heart pumps blood with excessive force.
c. The body's smaller blood vessels (known as the arterioles) narrow, so that blood flow exerts more pressure against the vessels' walls.
6A . Aortic dissection - bleeding into and along the wall of the aorta because of a tear or damage to the inner wall of the artery.
6B. Aneurysm –
a. Localized dilation of artery usually involving the aorta
b. Weakness in the wall of the vessel caused by arthrosclerosis, infection, trauma or congenital defects.
c. Danger of Rupture (Chabner, 2014)
Learner as Leader Activity -
Illustrated Medical Dictionary Entry & Biography
Task One - create an illustrated medical dictionary entry to inform the
members in your class as to what the pathology is and how it affects the heart.
Requirements: 1.
A definition 2.
Pronunciation 3.
An illustration, diagram, picture, short video or
pathology as may be seen on a radiograph. See example below.
Task Two - Each group will also give a brief biography of a person with this pathology condition and how it affected their life. See example below.
Task Two - Each group will also give a brief biography of a person with this pathology condition and how it affected their life. See example below.
Example of illustrated medical dictionary entry:
Myocardial Infarction (MI) - myocardial (mī′ō-kär′dē-əl) in·farc·tion (ĭn-färk′shən) n. See heart attack.
A condition in which a localized area of muscular tissue is dying or dead owing to insufficient supply of blood, as occurs in a heart attack.
(thefreedictionary.com, 2012) (googleimages.com, 2014)
Myocardial Infarction (MI) - myocardial (mī′ō-kär′dē-əl) in·farc·tion (ĭn-färk′shən) n. See heart attack.
A condition in which a localized area of muscular tissue is dying or dead owing to insufficient supply of blood, as occurs in a heart attack.
(thefreedictionary.com, 2012) (googleimages.com, 2014)
Example of short biography:
John Henson, son of the late Muppets creator Jim Henson, a puppeteer for the Muppets performed as Sweetums the ogre. His bio includes a variety of films including The Muppets' Wizard of Oz and Muppet Treasure Island. He died at age 48 of a sudden massive heart attack on Friday, February 14, 2014. It's a sad day for Muppets fans. John served as a shareholder and board member of The Jim Henson Company (abcnews.go.com, 2014). It is not known if this was a condition in which he was receiving medical care or a first time event.
“The key to surviving a heart attack is promptly recognizing the warning signals and getting immediate medical attention” (Health Central, 2014). Symptoms include pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of your chest that may spread to shoulders, neck or arms. Any discomfort that lasts for two minutes or longer, could signal a heart attack. When a person has these symptoms, it is natural to deny what is happening. No one wants to think they may be having a heart attack. Call your local emergency medical service (EMS) immediately (Health Central, 2014).
John Henson, son of the late Muppets creator Jim Henson, a puppeteer for the Muppets performed as Sweetums the ogre. His bio includes a variety of films including The Muppets' Wizard of Oz and Muppet Treasure Island. He died at age 48 of a sudden massive heart attack on Friday, February 14, 2014. It's a sad day for Muppets fans. John served as a shareholder and board member of The Jim Henson Company (abcnews.go.com, 2014). It is not known if this was a condition in which he was receiving medical care or a first time event.
“The key to surviving a heart attack is promptly recognizing the warning signals and getting immediate medical attention” (Health Central, 2014). Symptoms include pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of your chest that may spread to shoulders, neck or arms. Any discomfort that lasts for two minutes or longer, could signal a heart attack. When a person has these symptoms, it is natural to deny what is happening. No one wants to think they may be having a heart attack. Call your local emergency medical service (EMS) immediately (Health Central, 2014).